Hong Kong: The Hong Kong authorities have introduced sweeping new powers under the National Security Law (NSL), allowing police to demand access to electronic devices, including phones and computers, from individuals suspected of national security offences.
Under the amended bylaw, those who refuse to provide passwords could face up to one year in prison and a fine of HK$100,000 ($12,700). Individuals found to have provided false or misleading information may face harsher penalties of up to three years behind bars.
The changes were officially gazetted, marking a significant expansion of enforcement authority under the controversial legislation introduced in 2020 following the city’s pro-democracy protests.
Officials stated the amendments are designed to strengthen the government’s ability to prevent, suppress and punish activities deemed to threaten national security, while also ensuring the protection of lawful rights and interests.
The announcement was made by Hong Kong’s Chief Executive, John Lee, bypassing the city’s Legislative Council. The move underscores the administration’s continued push to tighten control under the NSL framework.
In addition to expanded digital access powers, the amendments grant customs officials authority to seize items suspected of carrying seditious intention. Critics argue that such provisions are broadly defined and could be used to target dissent.
The NSL criminalises acts such as secession, subversion, terrorism, and collusion with foreign forces. However, rights groups and international observers have long warned that its vague definitions allow for wide interpretation and potential misuse.
Since the law’s implementation, hundreds of activists, protesters, and former opposition lawmakers have been arrested. High-profile cases include media tycoon Jimmy Lai, who was recently sentenced to 20 years in prison on charges related to foreign collusion and publishing seditious material.
In another case earlier this year, the father of an exiled pro-democracy activist was jailed for attempting to access her insurance funds, under a separate local law that builds upon the NSL.
While authorities maintain the measures are essential for restoring stability and safeguarding national security, critics say the expanding powers risk further eroding civil liberties and press freedom in the global financial hub.
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