Mpox, caused by the monkeypox virus, has been identified in Sweden and Pakistan, highlighting its spread beyond Africa. Initially concentrated in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and neighbouring African countries such as Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, and Uganda, the virus has now reached other continents, raising fears of a global health crisis.
In Europe, Sweden has reported its first case of the new Mpox strain, suggesting the virus could spread more widely across the continent. In Asia, Pakistan’s Khyber Pakhtunkhwa region has confirmed three cases. Although India and the UAE have not officially reported any cases, both countries have increased their vigilance due to the high volume of international travellers.
Since January 2023, the Mpox virus has infected 27,000 people across 18 African countries, resulting in over 1,100 deaths. The current strain, known as clade Ib, is more transmissible, contributing to its rapid spread beyond Africa.
Understanding Mpox: Mpox is caused by the monkeypox virus, part of the Orthopoxvirus genus, and was first identified in 1958. It is closely related to the smallpox virus. Historically, Mpox was limited to regions in Central and West Africa, primarily affecting populations in close contact with monkeys. However, the virus has now spread globally, with cases reported in Europe and Asia.
Symptoms and Transmission: The primary symptom of Mpox is a rash that can develop on various parts of the body, including the hands, feet, chest, face, mouth, and genital areas. This rash progresses into pus-filled blisters and sores. Other symptoms include fever, headache, muscle aches, and swollen lymph nodes. The virus has an incubation period of 3 to 17 days, with symptoms typically appearing within 21 days of exposure.
Mpox spreads through direct skin-to-skin contact, bodily fluids, respiratory droplets, and contaminated objects. Pregnant women can also transmit the virus to their unborn children. While smallpox vaccines offer some protection against Mpox, vaccine availability remains limited, particularly in African countries.
Global Response: The spread of Mpox beyond Africa poses a significant public health challenge. The World Health Organization has issued warnings, stressing the importance of vigilant monitoring and increased public awareness. Nations must act quickly to contain the virus and protect public health.
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